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Discuss the definition of brain death and the criteria involved in its determination.

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The current legal standard states that a...

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What is the term for a model of coping with bereavement that emphasizes oscillation between loss-oriented stressors and restoration-oriented stressors?

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4-year-old Rebecca's grandfather died a few weeks ago. Rebecca is very fond of him and would wait for him to visit her house every weekend. Now that it has been a few weeks since he last visited, Rebecca has been asking her mother why her grandfather has not come over to visit her. Considering that Rebecca is only a child, which of the following approaches should her mother follow while answering her questions?


A) reassure Rebecca that her grandfather will visit her every night in her dreams
B) try to divert Rebecca's attention and avoid questions related to death
C) explain that her grandfather has gone on a very long trip and will not be coming over anymore
D) explain as simply as possible that her grandfather died and answer any questions Rebecca has about his death

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Mike is an American citizen residing in Colorado. He is diagnosed with stage 4 lung cancer. He decides to undergo chemotherapy, but his doctor informs him that there is only a slim chance for an improvement in his condition. The doctor also tells him that he has only a few weeks to live. Suffering from deep pain and discomfort, Mike loses the hope to live. He then requests his doctor to provide a lethal injection that can be self-administered. After consulting his family and completing the paperwork, he self-administers the injection and passes away peacefully. Which of the following statements is true of this scenario?


A) This is a case of active euthanasia.
B) This is a case of passive euthanasia.
C) This is a case of assisted suicide.
D) This is a case of involuntary manslaughter.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' fourth stage of dying?


A) depression
B) acceptance
C) bargaining
D) anger

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A study by Kim revealed that finding meaning in the death of a spouse was linked to


A) a higher level of denial during bereavement.
B) a higher level of fear during bereavement.
C) a lower level of acceptance during bereavement.
D) a lower level of anger during bereavement.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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What is the term for the neurological definition of death that is indicated by no electrical activity in the brain for a specified period of time?

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Deaths that are sudden, violent, or traumatic are likely to


A) produce less intense feelings in survivors than if the person died of a long illness.
B) produce a shorter grieving process for the survivors than if the person died of a long illness.
C) produce more intense feelings in survivors than if the person died of a long illness.
D) produce no difference in either the intensity or the duration of the feelings in survivors than if the person died of a long illness.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the program committed to making the end of life of a dying individual as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible?

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Martha, who is 80 years old, has recently been diagnosed with lung cancer. Over the last few weeks, her pain has increased tremendously. Her doctor is trying his best to cure her illness, but the cancer cells have spread and chemotherapy is taking a toll on Martha's overall health. Considering her age, Martha is reluctant to be admitted in the hospital for long as she wants to die peacefully surrounded by her family. She has been advised by her family to consider hospice as it would


A) cure her illness and prolong her life.
B) make the end of her life as free from pain and anxiety as possible.
C) emphasize death as a process that takes place over years and even decades.
D) convince her to avoid the truth that her death is imminent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What is the leading cause of infant death in the United States?


A) sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
B) accidents
C) child abuse
D) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following observations is true of finding meaning and purpose in lives in the event of death?


A) Studies have found that educating dying people about Kübler-Ross' stages help them overcome depression.
B) Only people with terminal illnesses are benefited by disconnecting the self from love objects.
C) Studies have found that spirituality helps buffer dying individuals from severe depression.
D) Involvement of community organizations helps minimize the pain and depression faced by dying individuals.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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What do studies say of the American attitude toward euthanasia after the Terri Schiavo incident?


A) The general public and experts entirely agree on the precise boundaries of implementing the practice of euthanasia.
B) General population favors active euthanasia.
C) There is a trend toward accepting passive euthanasia in cases of terminally ill patients.
D) The inflammatory argument of equating the practice of euthanasia with suicide has increased substantially.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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In the Tanala culture of Madagascar, death is believed to be caused by


A) natural forces.
B) magic and demons.
C) ill will of others in the community.
D) an evil spirit.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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In a recent study on children's conceptions of death, it was concluded that children as early as ________ of age understand the irreversibility of death and that it involves the cessation of mental and physical functioning.


A) 4 to 5 years
B) 1 to 2 years
C) 9 to 10 years
D) 6 to 7 years

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation?


A) Orthodox Judaism
B) Methodism
C) Buddhism
D) Roman Catholicism

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Elisabeth Kübler-Ross believed that when a person is dying of a terminal illness, depression is


A) a temporary phase that friends and family should help the person through as quickly as possible.
B) the first phase a person goes through when he or she learns that death is imminent.
C) part of the normal process of detaching the self from love objects.
D) an uncommon reaction that signals that the person needs professional counseling to cope with death.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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In the context of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying, after accepting the certainty of death, a period of ________ or preparatory grief may appear.


A) anger
B) acceptance
C) bargaining
D) depression

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Josue has incurable cancer. However, he promises to lead a reformed life dedicated to God if God spares his life. In this scenario, Josue is in which of the following Kübler-Ross' stages of dying?


A) denial
B) hope
C) bargaining
D) acceptance

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following is an example of active euthanasia?


A) injecting a lethal dose of a drug to a terminally ill patient
B) turning off the respirator of a comatose patient
C) removing a heart-lung machine of an individual in a vegetative state
D) stopping the supply of antibiotics to a person with a viral infection

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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