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I agree that in the late nineteenth century, proponents of the "self-made man" ideology argued that the burgeoning industrial economy was compatible with traditional American individualism. This belief was rooted in the idea that the United States was a land of opportunity where anyone, regardless of their background, could achieve success through hard work, determination, and enterprise.
The concept of the "self-made man" became particularly prominent during the Gilded Age, a period of rapid economic growth and industrialization following the Civil War. This era saw the rise of a new class of industrialists and entrepreneurs, such as Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and J.P. Morgan, who became the poster children for this ideology. They were often celebrated as exemplars of the American Dream, having risen from humble beginnings to amass great wealth and influence.
Proponents of this view held that the industrial economy provided ample opportunities for individuals to innovate and prosper. The expansion of markets, the proliferation of new technologies, and the availability of capital allowed for the possibility of upward mobility. The narrative suggested that with the right combination of talent, effort, and ambition, anyone could become a captain of industry.
Moreover, the ideology of individualism was deeply ingrained in American culture and political thought. It was associated with the values of self-reliance, personal freedom, and limited government intervention. The economic landscape of the late nineteenth century, with its laissez-faire approach and minimal regulatory oversight, was seen as a fertile ground for individuals to exercise their entrepreneurial spirit without the constraints of traditional class structures that existed in Europe.
However, it is important to note that this optimistic view of the industrial economy and individualism was not without its critics. Many pointed out that the reality of the Gilded Age was also characterized by stark inequalities, exploitative labor practices, and the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a few. Social reformers and labor activists argued that the ideal of the "self-made man" was not attainable for the vast majority of the population, particularly for workers, immigrants, and people of color who faced systemic barriers to success.
In conclusion, while proponents of the "self-made man" in the late nineteenth century believed that the industrial economy was compatible with traditional American individualism, this perspective was contested and did not reflect the experiences of all Americans during that time. The debate over the relationship between individualism and the industrial economy continues to be relevant in discussions about economic opportunity and social mobility in the United States.
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B) False
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The late nineteenth century in America s...View Answer
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A) Uriah S. Stephens.
B) Eugene V. Debs.
C) Henry Clay Frick.
D) Terence V. Powderly.
E) John Peter Altgeld.
G) All of the above
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B) False
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A) Henry Frick shut down the plant in an attempt to destroy the Amalgamated union.
B) The entire Pennsylvania National Guard was ordered to protect strikebreakers.
C) Hundreds of guards hired by Homestead were defeated in a deadly battle with strikers.
D) One radical made a failed attempt to assassinate Henry Clay Frick.
E) The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.
G) C) and E)
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B) False
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A) suggested that industrialism was creating "organization men."
B) believed that government intervention in society would be harmful.
C) sought to apply Darwinian laws to human society.
D) argued that people could do little to alter the economic stratification of society.
E) believed that human intelligence, not natural selection, shaped society.
G) D) and E)
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A) ordered rail workers to move into company-owned housing.
B) referred to workers as his "children."
C) cut wages by twenty-five percent due to a slumping economy.
D) refused to implement an eight-hour work day.
E) began hiring African American workers in his factories.
G) A) and B)
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A) Henry George.
B) Horatio Alger.
C) Russell Conwell.
D) Jacob Riis.
E) Herbert Spencer.
G) A) and C)
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A) railed against the implications of Social Darwinism.
B) came from financially humble origins.
C) were living examples of "self-made men."
D) had made their fortunes in the railroad industry.
E) began their careers from positions of wealth and privilege.
G) A) and E)
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A) Cyrus Field
B) J. P. Morgan
C) JohnD. Rockefeller
D) Andrew Carnegie
E) Samuel Morse
G) A) and E)
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A) offered true accounts of poor Americans who had become wealthy.
B) took critical issue with the ideas of Social Darwinism.
C) emphasized the value of personal character in business.
D) criticized child labor in American industry.
E) argued that wealth and privilege were ultimately hollow achievements.
G) B) and D)
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A) created the ideas of laissez-faire capitalism.
B) led the Socialist Labor Party in the United States.
C) argued that large corporations were ultimately of benefit to American workers.
D) led the American Federation of Labor.
E) became a strong advocate of Taylorism.
G) None of the above
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B
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A) Ohio.
B) Texas.
C) California.
D) Michigan.
E) Pennsylvania.
G) A) and B)
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E
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A) government regulation.
B) cutthroat competition.
C) the income tax.
D) the corporate tax.
E) the chronic labor shortage.
G) B) and E)
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B) False
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A) occurred as federal funding for research greatly expanded.
B) led to a diversification of research interests.
C) developed similar research goals as in Europe.
D) was deemed unnecessary, since so many American university laboratories existed.
E) centralized the sources of research funding.
G) A) and C)
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B) False
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