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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 191

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With the looming recession,Affluent International CEO Gabriella Goodheart prepared a holiday statement proclaiming that all employees would receive a coupon for a 15-pound turkey that could be purchased during November and December of this year.According to firm's corporate HR department,the company would disperse coupons to the 6000 worldwide workers that the company employed.As a recent student that is learning about personalizing motivation,you suggest:

A) to keep things fair,the company should email coupons to all 6000 employees.
B) employees will be more motivated if the company makes it more of a contest.All employees should be given the opportunity to earn the rewards.
C) Gabriella should investigate the types of foods and traditions that are meaningful to employees that work outside of the U.S. ,and provide a gift of appreciation accordingly.
D) the firm should offer employees the value of a 15 pound turkey in their respective countries.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 192

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In the Hawthorne studies,employees were involved in the planning of the experiments.This caused employees to:

A) set rather simple,easily attainable goals.
B) become distracted and thus reduced productivity.
C) believe that management respected their ideas,which motivated them.
D) have high levels of productivity,but show disrespect for the managers in their test area.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 193

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Frederick Taylor's goal was to find ways to improve worker motivation by making work more interesting and challenging.

Brett manages a sales force that sells laboratory supplies to companies and university science labs.He wants to implement a reward program for high performance.Any rep whose territory bills over $500,000 in sales will win a trip for two,to a Caribbean Island.Last year the high billing territory made $400,000 in sales.As his outside consultant on the rewards program project,you suggest that he ask around to make certain that this is something the reps would enjoy.Your other advice is:

You get a lower grade in a course than your friend did even though you studied more during the semester and attended class more often.As a result,equity theory predicts that you might convince yourself that "Grades aren't all that important.After all,lots of people who succeed in the real world didn't make good grades in school." According to equity theory,if people perceive what they believe is an unfair result,they may: (1)reduce their effort,or (2)rationalize.A student could rationalize receiving a lower grade than someone else by downplaying the importance of good grades.

Mini-Case The first meeting between the new CEO of Idle Time Gaming,Inc. ,John Noble,and Howie Spradlin,the production manager did not go smoothly.The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the problem of declining productivity and to develop a strategy to turn the situation around. Howie started the conversation by handing Mr.Noble most recent production report."I've always thought that most of our employees were lazy,and now I've got proof," Howie stated."We pay these guys the highest wages in the industry,provide them with a safe place to work,and make the job as simple as possible.We aren't asking these guys to do brain surgery,but productivity still lags and our production costs increase.I've told all the supervisors to watch these lazy bums every second to make sure they put in a full day's work.If those guys think I'm going to let them get away with goofing off,they're in for a rude awakening." CEO Noble responded in a way that surprised Howie."Maybe these employees aren't lazy,Howie,maybe they are just bored and resent the way we've treated them," he said."The employees are experienced and well trained.They might work harder and smarter if the work were more interesting and rewarding.Their attitudes might even improve if we treated them with more respect.Maybe one of the best ways for you and I to understand where they're coming from is to spend some time along side them." For the next hour,the two discussed ways to improve worker motivation and performance.Howie left the meeting with an unsettled feeling.Many of Mr.Noble's suggestions seemed naïve to Howie."Mr.Noble is the boss,but I think he is too optimistic regarding human nature," Howie mused.Reluctantly,Howie had to admit that his own approach had not succeeded in improving the plant's performance.He decided to take a hard look at some of Mr.Noble's ideas. -John Noble speculated that Howie really didn't know much about his employees,including the types of rewards that they found meaningful and whether they personally felt that if they worked hard,they could achieve a reward.Noble's thoughts referred to:

The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of others in the organization is referred to as:

Researchers David Nadler and Edward Lawler suggest that in order to use expectancy theory to improve worker motivation,the first thing managers should do is:

As part of their open communication strategy,management should reward upward communication,even if it is negative.

In a high-context culture:

Gen Xers are difficult to motivate because they lack ambition.

As the marketing manager for Chipper's Golf Resort,you hired interns from the local university to go out and sell your annual golf event.You provided each of three interns with their own list of past sponsors,participants,and prize contributors.You also asked each to create a marketing plan to secure five new sponsors in the next four weeks,and promised them a bonus at the end of the fourth week,if they could verify that they followed their own plan,contacted everyone on their list and also developed new sponsors.During the fourth week,you randomly contacted a few sponsors on each of the three lists and quickly learn that one of the interns had slacked-off on the job.As a motivational technique,you prefer to provide positive reinforcement.When you met with each of the three interns,you withheld the bonus from the one that did not do the job and informed him that his internship grade will reflect the fact that he was not motivated to get the job done. You used negative reinforcement to punish the intern for sub-standard performance.Withholding the bonus and awarding a poor grade are examples of negative reinforcement.

According to Herzberg,which of the following groups of motivational factors would give employees the most satisfaction?

Special parking areas,dining rooms and rest rooms set aside for executives are barriers to open two-way communication within an organization.

Which of the following is a characteristic of Type J management?

While Rachael,a psychology major at the local university worked frantically at her job at Groovy Rags Retail in anticipation of the regional manager's visit,her department manager Eon Forcer had an interesting word to say to her: "Don't worry Rachael,when I first started,I made $7.25 an hour too.It gets better!" Rachael shook her head as she reflected upon how little Eon knew about what motivated her to seek perfection at this job.As she continued to neatly stack those pocket tees,she thought,"If the regional manager has the same attitude as this guy,I'm looking for another job." Rachael would prefer to work with a ___________ manager.

Maslow referred to the needs people had for recognition and acknowledgement from others as esteem needs.

William Ouchi concluded that culture should not be a factor in one's management style.

Job simplification is an effective strategy for managers who want to achieve job enrichment.

the reward will be worthy of their effort.