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Why did railroads become the key American industry in the nineteenth century?

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Immigration contributed little to the American population in the first three decades of the nineteenth century.

A) True
B) False

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The republican vision in the United States included the tradition of the


A) skilled artisan.
B) yeoman farmer.
C) industrial entrepreneur.
D) skilled artisan and the yeoman farmer.
E) yeoman farmer and the industrial entrepreneur.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The Northwest considered itself the most democratic section of the country,but it was a democracy based on a defense of economic freedom and the rights of property.

A) True
B) False

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How did the emergence of the factory system change the face of American labor during the first half of the nineteenth century?

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Elias Howe's invention of the ________ required precision grinding machines to construct.

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The transition from farm life to factory life for women in pre-Civil War America was difficult at best and traumatic at worst.

A) True
B) False

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In the 1830s,limited liability laws were developed in the United States,which


A) protected the stockholders' full investment in a company.
B) restricted the amount of capital a corporation could possess.
C) prevented a corporation from being dominated by a small group of stockholders.
D) protected corporations from liability lawsuits.
E) meant stockholders could not be charged with losses greater than their investment.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Between 1820 and 1840,the population of the United States


A) rapidly grew, in part due to improved public health.
B) saw the proportion of enslaved blacks to free whites increase.
C) increased at a slower rate than the populations of Europe.
D) remained relatively constant.
E) grew in spite of a very low birth rate in America.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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For most nineteenth-century urban Americans,leisure activities grew more varied.

A) True
B) False

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As of the middle of the nineteenth century,the typical citizen of the Northwest was a poor,marginal farmer.

A) True
B) False

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As the factory system progressed into the 1840s,


A) wages rose, while working hours increased to ten hours.
B) female workers staged a successful strike for better living conditions.
C) the owners increasingly used immigrants as their labor force.
D) a paternalistic management system was developed.
E) many mill girls moved into management roles in the factory system.

F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

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In 1860,the typical white male American of the Old Northwest (today's Midwest) was


A) the owner of a family farm.
B) a marginal farmer.
C) a farmhand who did not own his own land.
D) an industrial worker.
E) an urban artisan.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The process for ________ rubber,treating it to give it greater strength and elasticity,was discovered by Charles Goodyear.

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An increasingly popular form of entertainment was the ________,in which white actors mimicked (and ridiculed)African American culture.

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Before 1860,compared to Irish immigrants,German immigrants to the United States


A) generally arrived with more money.
B) were less likely to migrate with entire families.
C) were more likely to remain in eastern cities.
D) came in greater numbers.
E) generally moved on to the Southeast.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The building of the ________,which began in 1817,was the greatest construction project the United States had yet undertaken.

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The early union movement among skilled artisans


A) was weakened by the Panic of 1837.
B) was generally supported by state governments.
C) attempted to create one collective national trade union.
D) welcomed working women as members.
E) was strengthened by the influx of immigrant laborers.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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After 1852,the "Know-Nothings" created a new political organization called the


A) Copperheads.
B) Republican Party.
C) Nativist Party.
D) Libertarian Party.
E) American Party.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following is true of the differences between canal and turnpike transportation?


A) Canal transportation was generally developed before turnpike transportation.
B) Canal construction was less expensive than turnpike construction.
C) Canal boats could haul vastly larger loads than could turnpike transports.
D) State governments gave little financial support to canal transportation.
E) Pennsylvania was the first to finance canal construction.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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