Question 1

The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal isolation.
B)  mechanical isolation.
C)  gradualism.
D)  punctuated equilibrium.
E)  hybrid breakdown.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns or introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Accepted Answer

A)  postzygotic
B)  prezygotic
C)  allopatric
D)  sympatric
E)  outgroupF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Formation of a tetraploid plant species from two different diploid parental species of plants is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  punctuated equilibrium.
B)  gradualism.
C)  extinction.
D)  a postzygotic barrier to evolution.
E)  a prezygotic barrier to evolution.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Postzygotic isolation barriers prevent

Accepted Answer

A)  a hybrid embryo from developing into a fertile adult.
B)  fertilization.
C)  male gametes from joining with female gametes.
D)  All answers are correct.
E)  formation of gametes by one of the parents.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Scientists have a complete fossil record showing the evolution of horses over millions of years,with the legs becoming longer and the teeth larger,as ancestors of the modern horse adapted from living in forest to grasslands.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  punctuated equilibrium.
B)  extinction.
C)  a postzygotic barrier to evolution.
D)  gradualism.
E)  a prezygotic barrier to evolution.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Closely related plant species that attract different pollinators resulting in reproductive isolation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation.
B)  allopatric speciation.
C)  hybrid inviability.
D)  hybrid infertility.
E)  hybrid breakdown.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Bacteria cannot be classified using the biological definition of a species for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA sequences of all bacteria are more than 97% identical.
B)  Bacteria cannot reproduce.
C)  Bacteria are present everywhere and cannot be reproductively isolated from other bacteria.
D)  Bacteria are asexual.
E)  Bacteria do not evolvE.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

What is the most inclusive level of the hierarchical classification scheme?

Accepted Answer

A)  domain
B)  phylum
C)  kingdom
D)  genus
E)  speciesF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

What force leads to the evolution of a new species?

Accepted Answer

A)  All answers are correct.
B)  prezygotic reproductive barriers
C)  postzygotic reproductive barriers
D)  compiled microevolution events
E)  large amount of genetic divergenceF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Three species of tigers have become extinct due to overharvesting or habitat destruction.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  mass extinction.
B)  background extinction rate.
C)  sympatric speciation.
D)  increased extinction rate by human activity.
E)  allopatric speciation.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric theory.
B)  ecological isolation theory.
C)  gradualism theory.
D)  impact theory.
E)  punctuated equilibrium theory.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

"Missing" transitional forms may not be present in the fossil record because of poor preservation of biological material and simply because scientists have not discovered all there is to discover.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  the origin of horses and donkeys from a common ancestor
B)  giraffes with longer necks reaching higher tree branches
C)  antibiotic resistance in S.aureus
D)  female cardinals preferring males with bright red feathers
E)  the beaks of cactus finches changing in size in response to a drought on the Galapagos islandsF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Birds are least related to

Accepted Answer

A)  non-avian dinosaurs.
B)  crocodiles.
C)  turtles.
D)  mammals.
E)  amphibians.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by

Accepted Answer

A)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature and destroying plant life.
B)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight only.
C)  causing a great prolonged rise in the earth's temperature only.
D)  creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight and destroying plant life.
E)  destroying plant life on Earth only.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 16

The process by which new species originate

Accepted Answer

A)  is germination.
B)  is extinction.
C)  occurred only once in Earth's history.
D)  is speciation.
E)  occurred for millions of years but is no longer occurring.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal isolation
B)  gametic isolation
C)  hybrid infertility
D)  ecological isolation
E)  mechanical isolationF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 18

A discontinued line in an evolutionary tree indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction.
B)  gradualism.
C)  punctuated equilibrium.
D)  convergent evolution.
E)  temporal isolation.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Two species of finches found on the same Galapagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of ____ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric
B)  sympatric
C)  prezygotic
D)  postzygotic
E)  outgroupF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Polyploidy is

Accepted Answer

A)  common in plant species.
B)  common in fungal species.
C)  common in animal species.
D)  common in bacterial species.
E)  All answers are correct.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 14: Speciation and Extinction

A discontinued line in an evolutionary tree indicates

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Scientists have a complete fossil record showing the evolution of horses over millions of years,with the legs becoming longer and the teeth larger,as ancestors of the modern horse adapted from living in forest to grasslands.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Missing" transitional forms may not be present in the fossil record because of poor preservation of biological material and simply because scientists have not discovered all there is to discover.

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Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

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The process by which new species originate

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Polyploidy is

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Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns or introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Birds are least related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two species of finches found on the same Galapagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of ____ speciation.

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What is the most inclusive level of the hierarchical classification scheme?

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Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the

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Bacteria cannot be classified using the biological definition of a species for which reason?

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What force leads to the evolution of a new species?

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Three species of tigers have become extinct due to overharvesting or habitat destruction.This is an example of

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Closely related plant species that attract different pollinators resulting in reproductive isolation is an example of

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Postzygotic isolation barriers prevent

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Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?

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Formation of a tetraploid plant species from two different diploid parental species of plants is an example of

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