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_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.


A) Life expectancy
B) Life span
C) Longevity
D) Life extension

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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All of the following are the recommendations for preventing osteoporosis in middle-aged women EXCEPT:


A) eating foods rich in calcium.
B) avoiding smoking.
C) taking a drug such as Fosamax.
D) taking a high dose of vitamin B.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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_____ theory states that cells can divide a maximum of about 75 to 80 times,and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing.


A) Evolutionary
B) Cellular clock
C) Free-radical
D) Hormonal stress

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Evidence is increasing that _____ plays a key role in red wine's health benefits.


A) resperidol
B) rohypnol
C) resveratrol
D) rogaine

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Maria is 80 years old.She is considered _____.


A) youngest-old
B) young-old
C) oldest-old
D) middle-aged

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following chronic conditions has been associated with the greatest limitations on work?


A) Asthma
B) Diabetes
C) Arthritis
D) Heart condition

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a similarity among the cellular clock,free-radical,and mitochondrial theories?


A) They attribute the process of aging to hormonal changes.
B) They attempt to explain aging at the cellular level.
C) They discount the role of genetics in aging.
D) They emphasize the effects of ecological factors on aging.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Researchers have found that _____ reduces the oxidative damage created by free radicals.


A) hormone replacement therapy
B) moderate intake of red wine
C) a diet restricted in calories
D) a macrobiotic diet

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is true about substance abuse?


A) In 2010,the percentage of individuals who engaged in binge drinking increased considerably in the middle and late adulthood years.
B) Substance abuse among older adults is an "invisible epidemic" in the United States.
C) The frequency of binge drinking (defined as four or more drinks for women and five or more drinks for men on one occasion in the past 30 days) was lowest among older adults.
D) Screening questionnaires are appropriate for eliminating substance abuse among for older adults.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements about arthritis is NOT true?


A) There is no known cure for arthritis.
B) Exercise is not beneficial for people with arthritis.
C) Symptoms of arthritis can be reduced with medications.
D) Symptoms of arthritis can be reduced with weight reduction.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Statistics reveal that the profile for most centenarians (people aged 100 and older) looks unusual as compared with other older adults.What is the difference?


A) These centenarians never married.
B) These centenarians had a low rate of age-associated diseases.
C) These centenarians were married more than once.
D) These centenarians were millionaires.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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According to the cellular clock theory of aging,cells can divide a maximum of:


A) 50 to 60 times.
B) 65 to 70 times.
C) 75 to 80 times.
D) 80 to 100 times.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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What is the difference between life span and life expectancy?

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Life span is the maximum number of years...

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In the study by Rodin and Langer,which of the following was found to be the result of older adults having perceived control over their own lives?


A) It led to fewer social interactions.
B) It significantly reduced life expectancy.
C) It increased the levels of stress.
D) It was found to increase longevity.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Discuss the free-radical theory of aging.

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The free-radical theory of aging states ...

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A study by Shan & others found that the volume of the brain was _____ in older adults than younger adults.


A) 20 percent more
B) 15 percent less
C) 25 percent less
D) 10 percent more

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Why does night driving become especially difficult in late adulthood?


A) Due to diminishing sensitivity to contrasts and reduced tolerance for glare.
B) Due to the decline in color vision.
C) Due to increased tolerance for glare and increased sensitivity to contrasts.
D) Due to the expanding area of the visual field.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Stuart is 67 years old,widowed,and lives alone.Recently,he has started drinking too much and frequently engages in binge drinking.Stuart's example presents a case of _____.


A) geriatric alcoholism
B) manic depressive alcoholism
C) late-onset alcoholism
D) relapse alcoholism

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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When faced with external challenges such as stressful situations,the human body adapts by altering internal physiological processes in a process known as _____.


A) allostasis
B) homeostasis
C) peristalsis
D) transcription

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Compared with elderly men,elderly women are less likely to have:


A) arthritis.
B) hypertension.
C) visual problems.
D) hearing problems.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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