Question 1

You observe that small crustaceans swimming through a sample of ocean water set off light production,but your first guess is that this is due to some bacterium,since bacteria are so metabolically diverse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

All protists are single-celled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which part of a fungus penetrates inside of a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyphae
B)  fruiting bodies
C)  spores
D)  pili
E)  flagellaF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is characterized by extreme heat (above 50 ∘\circ∘ C) is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  thermophile.
B)  acidophile.
C)  halophile.
D)  basophile.
E)  hydrophilE. F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria produced the oxygen found in the atmosphere.
B)  Almost all organisms have mitochondria.
C)  All eukaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts.
D)  All prokaryotes have mitochondria,but not chloroplasts.
E)  Mitochondria are larger than chloroplasts.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Protists can be autotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Autotrophs must acquire carbon from organic molecules produced from other organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes

Accepted Answer

A)  similarities in DNA sequences between mitochondrial and bacterial genomes.
B)  similarities in size and shape between mitochondria and some prokaryotes.
C)  similarity between photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.
D)  similarity in the way mitochondria,chloroplasts,and prokaryotes reproduce.
E)  All answers are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane.
B)  flagellum.
C)  ribosome.
D)  cell wall.
E)  cytoplasm.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Clues from geology and paleontology suggest that simple cells or their precursors arose about

Accepted Answer

A)  six billion years ago.
B)  six million years ago.
C)  four billion years ago.
D)  four million years ago.
E)  one million years ago.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Mitochondria arose by endosymbiosis of a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic bacterium.
B)  photosynthetic bacterium.
C)  aerobic bacterium.
D)  aerobic archaeon.
E)  photosynthetic archaeon.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Photosynthesis probably originated during the __________ eon and most likely used _____________ as an electron donor.

Accepted Answer

A)  Proterozoic,water
B)  Archean,water
C)  Archean,hydrogen sulfide
D)  Proterozoic,hydrogen sulfide
E)  Paleozoic,waterF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following is true of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
B)  Prokaryotes are single-celled.
C)  Prokaryotes do not have a chromosome.
D)  Prokaryotes have membrane-bounded organelles.
E)  Prokaryotes do not have ribosomes.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

DNA sequence evidence suggests that plants,fungi,and animals arose from different lineages of unicellular protists.This suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protists evolved before the other three kingdoms.
B)  Early ancestors to plants,fungi,and animals could interbreed.
C)  Multicellular organisms arose only once in evolutionary history.
D)  All unicellular organisms are now extinct.
E)  The animal,plant,and fungal kingdoms contain some single-celled organisms.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 17

If you sample prokaryotes from a kitchen faucet,they are likely to be bacteria,not archaea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Cooperation between or among cells could have been a key step in the evolution of multicellularity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Protists can be heterotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which is the best description of the mutual benefit to both species found in a lichen?

Accepted Answer

A)  The autotroph provides food and the heterotroph provides water and minerals.
B)  The autotroph prevents dehydration and the heterotroph provides energy.
C)  The autotroph provides water and minerals and the heterotroph prevents dehydration.
D)  The heterotroph protects the autotroph from predation.
E)  The autotroph produces antibiotics to ward off infection to the heterotroph by bacteria.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

The rigid barrier that surrounds most prokaryotes is the

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Protists can be autotrophs.

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Cooperation between or among cells could have been a key step in the evolution of multicellularity.

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Protists can be heterotrophs.

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Which of the following is true of prokaryotes?

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Photosynthesis probably originated during the __________ eon and most likely used _____________ as an electron donor.

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Which part of a fungus penetrates inside of a plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You observe that small crustaceans swimming through a sample of ocean water set off light production,but your first guess is that this is due to some bacterium,since bacteria are so metabolically diverse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you sample prokaryotes from a kitchen faucet,they are likely to be bacteria,not archaea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Autotrophs must acquire carbon from organic molecules produced from other organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA sequence evidence suggests that plants,fungi,and animals arose from different lineages of unicellular protists.This suggests which of the following?

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Which is the best description of the mutual benefit to both species found in a lichen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is characterized by extreme heat (above 50 ∘\circ∘ C) is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All protists are single-celled.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecular evidence places fungi closer to plants than animals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptomyces are aerobic soil bacteria that produce over two-thirds of our antibiotics of natural origin.These antibiotics should also be effective in killing Streptomyces.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clues from geology and paleontology suggest that simple cells or their precursors arose about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mitochondria arose by endosymbiosis of a(an)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Photosynthesis probably originated during the eon and most likely used ___ as an electron donor.

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A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is characterized by extreme heat (above 50^$\circ$C) is a(n)

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