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Gymnosperms and angiosperms evolved ______ allowing them to live and reproduce in drier habitats than bryophytes and seedless vascular plants.


A) spores
B) seeds,spores,and fronds
C) vascular tissue,spores,and fronds
D) pollen grains and seeds
E) fruit and flowers

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The four phyla of the gymnosperms are


A) monocotyledons,dicotyledons,conifers,and cycads.
B) horsetails,true ferns,whisk ferns,and club mosses.
C) conifers,monocotyledons,dicotyledons,and cycads.
D) mosses,liverworts,club mosses,and hornworts.
E) conifers,cycads,ginkgos,and gnetophytes.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Hornworts are bryophytes.

A) True
B) False

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In alternation of generations,a diploid sporophyte goes through meiosis to form ____ spores.


A) diploid
B) tetraploid
C) haploid
D) uniploid
E) no spores (this occurs in mitosis,not meiosis) .

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Which group of plants have phloem and xylem,seeds,flowers,and fruit and in many cases require animals for reproduction?


A) liverworts,hornworts,and mosses
B) ferns,club mosses,horsetails,and whisk ferns
C) ginkgo,cycads,conifers,and gnetophytes
D) monocots and eudicots
E) This is true of all groups of plants.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The cones of gymnosperms play the same role as ______ in angiosperms.


A) flowers
B) seeds
C) leaves
D) fruit
E) roots

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Monocots are bryophytes.

A) True
B) False

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The parts of the plant that allow for gas exchange are the


A) roots.
B) stomata.
C) xylem.
D) phloem.
E) cuticlE.

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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How have plants transformed the world?


A) Food source for many animals,fungi,and even some prokaryotes and protists
B) Habitat for breeding,rearing young,and escaping predators
C) Photosynthesis provides oxygen for aerobic respiration to make ATP
D) Fibers for clothing and paper
E) All answers are correct.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Based on the fossil record,all major groups of angiosperms evolved quickly during the age of the dinosaurs.What might explain the rapid rise and success of the flowering plants?


A) use of the wind to disperse pollen and seeds
B) use of flowers and fruits to protect and disperse both pollen and seeds
C) use of the wind to disperse spores
D) use of water to disperse pollen and seeds
E) All answers are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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As in animals,since plants have two haploid gametes fuse during fertilization,you would expect the zygote to be


A) haploid
B) diploid
C) tetraploid
D) no zygote is formed (spores are formed instead) .
E) uniploid

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In plants


A) the diploid zygote develops into the sporophyte.
B) the haploid zygote develops into the sporophyte.
C) the haploid gametophyte develops into the sporophyte.
D) the diploid zygote develops into the gametophyte.
E) the haploid gametophyte produces gametes by meiosis.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which is not a member of the gymnosperms?


A) conifers
B) ferns
C) gnetophytes
D) cycads
E) ginkgos

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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