Question 1

The primary functional unit of a kidney is the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Acid reflux would occur under which conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)   stomach contents leak into the duodenum
B)   contents of the esophagus leak into the duodenum
C)   contents of the esophagus leak into the stomach
D)   stomach contents leak into the esophagus
E)   contents of the duodenum leak into the stomachF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 3

In humans,the muscular tube into which urine from the kidney first drains is the

Accepted Answer

A)   urethra.
B)   uvula.
C)   ureter.
D)   urinary bladder.
E)   nephron.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

A person suffering from lactose intolerance cannot break down the disaccharide lactose.Where would lactose be found in a person with lactose intolerance,but not in a lactose-tolerant person?

Accepted Answer

A)   in the mouth
B)   in the stomach
C)   in the large intestine
D)   in the small intestine
E)   No answer is correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

In herbivores,the cecum is small because the food they ingest is easily digested.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In Western countries,up to 10% of the population develops gastric ulcers,many due to Helicobacter pylori.One adaptation this bacteria has is to secrete urease that produces the base ammonia from urea.How would this contribute to Helicobacter pylori causing ulcers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ammonia could be used as a food source for bacteria.
B)   Ammonia would cause the ulcers.
C)   Ammonia would prevent the immune system from killing the bacteria.
D)   Ammonia would neutralize stomach acids allowing bacteria to grow.
E)   Ammonia would kill the bacteria.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

The renal vein transports oxygen-rich blood to the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Like the kidney,a dialysis machine filters all but what out of the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   water
B)   waste
C)   blood cells
D)   salt
E)   glucoseF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

When the concentration of solutes in a fluid is higher outside the cell than inside,

Accepted Answer

A)   water moves into the cell by osmosis.
B)   water moves into the cell by facilitated diffusion.
C)   water moves out of the cell by facilitated diffusion.
D)   water moves out of the cell by osmosis.
E)   the cell will swell and possibly rupture.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Ocean water is much saltier than a fish's cells,so the animal loses water by osmosis,mostly at the gills.How would a saltwater fish osmoregulate?

Accepted Answer

A)   drink seawater and use active transport at the gills to take up salt from the water
B)   produce dilute urine and use active transport at the gills to take up salt from the water
C)   drink seawater and use active transport at the gills to get rid of excess salts
D)   produce dilute urine and use active transport at the gills to get rid of excess salt from the waterE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

If a person eats large quantities of food and then intentionally vomits,constantly going through what are called binge and purge patterns,they most likely suffer from the eating disorder known as

Accepted Answer

A)   anorexia nervosa.
B)   morbid obesity.
C)   copious intake.
D)   hypoglycemia.
E)   bulimia.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

If a patient could not pass food from pharynx to stomach,there would probably be a blockage in the

Accepted Answer

A)   larynx.
B)   trachea.
C)   esophagus.
D)   glottis.
E)   bronchus.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

The trace mineral iron is necessary in humans for the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Organisms that conduct intracellular digestion and organisms that conduct extracellular digestion both

Accepted Answer

A)   only rely on physical rather than chemical digestion to break down food.
B)   break down their food within cell cytoplasm.
C)   break down their food with digestive enzymes within contained areas.
D)   begin breakdown of their food in the mouth before traveling to the stomach.
E)   utilize a stomach for partial or complete breakdown of food.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The enzyme that breaks down starch is

Accepted Answer

A)   lipase.
B)   lactase.
C)   pepsin.
D)   amylase.
E)   bile.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

Colorless urine usually indicates excessive water intake or the ingestion of diuretics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which is a disadvantage of intracellular digestion that does not affect extracellular digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Food must be smaller than a cell.
B)   Food must be in a liquid form.
C)   Digestive enzymes must be activated immediately.
D)   Digestive enzymes are not efficient.
E)   All answers are correct.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Which is a role of bile?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxidation of fats
B)   enzymatic digestion of proteins
C)   emulsifying fats
D)   neutralizing bases in the intestines
E)   producing acid for the stomachF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

If you eat a lot of meat,one enzyme needed to break down all of that protein would be

Accepted Answer

A)   lipase.
B)   lactase.
C)   pepsin.
D)   amylase.
E)   bile.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Heterotrophs must eat to obtain some organic compounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 28: The Digestive and Urinary Systems

In Western countries,up to 10% of the population develops gastric ulcers,many due to Helicobacter pylori.One adaptation this bacteria has is to secrete urease that produces the base ammonia from urea.How would this contribute to Helicobacter pylori causing ulcers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person suffering from lactose intolerance cannot break down the disaccharide lactose.Where would lactose be found in a person with lactose intolerance,but not in a lactose-tolerant person?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ocean water is much saltier than a fish's cells,so the animal loses water by osmosis,mostly at the gills.How would a saltwater fish osmoregulate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like the kidney,a dialysis machine filters all but what out of the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a disadvantage of intracellular digestion that does not affect extracellular digestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Heterotrophs must eat to obtain some organic compounds.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the concentration of solutes in a fluid is higher outside the cell than inside,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a patient could not pass food from pharynx to stomach,there would probably be a blockage in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary functional unit of a kidney is the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a person eats large quantities of food and then intentionally vomits,constantly going through what are called binge and purge patterns,they most likely suffer from the eating disorder known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In herbivores,the cecum is small because the food they ingest is easily digested.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a role of bile?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acid reflux would occur under which conditions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that conduct intracellular digestion and organisms that conduct extracellular digestion both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans,the muscular tube into which urine from the kidney first drains is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Colorless urine usually indicates excessive water intake or the ingestion of diuretics.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal vein transports oxygen-rich blood to the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The enzyme that breaks down starch is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The trace mineral iron is necessary in humans for the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin molecules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you eat a lot of meat,one enzyme needed to break down all of that protein would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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