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Which of the following is not an animal?


A) penguin
B) mushroom
C) shrimp
D) sponge
E) spider

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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The early amphibian Tiktaalik either crawled or paddled in shallow tropical streams about 380 mya,during the late Devonian period.These shallow waters often became anaerobic.What selective advantage did Tiktaalik have under these conditions?


A) It could lift its head out of the water and breathe air through its gills.
B) It could crawl out of the water and walk over to new shallow streams.
C) It could swim better than fish.
D) It could crawl on shore and feed on birds and reptiles that were on land.
E) It could breathe air through its lungs.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Spiders and scorpions belong to the phylum


A) Cnidaria.
B) Echinodermata.
C) Annelida.
D) Mollusca.
E) Arthropoda.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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An internal membrane in chordates that protects the developing fetus is the notochord.

A) True
B) False

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An invertebrate is an animal that


A) does not have a backbone.
B) has a backbone.
C) has a complete digestive tract.
D) has an incomplete digestive tract.
E) does not have true tissues.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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The most successful phylum with regards to diversity and numbers is


A) Mollusca.
B) Nematoda.
C) Platyhelminthes.
D) Arthropoda.
E) Echinodermata.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the skin and nervous system is the


A) pachyderm.
B) endoderm.
C) mesoderm.
D) protoderm.
E) ectoderm.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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