Question 1

What is a cause of the absence of the A and B alleles in Native American populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection
B)  gene flow
C)  the founder effect
D)  mutationE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Studies of Galápagos finches have found that at certain points in time all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks.What is the type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection
B)  natural selection
C)  disruptive selection
D)  stabilizing selectionE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

When individuals of the same species are reproductively isolated,genetic differences may accumulate in sufficient number so that new species could emerge.What would such an event be an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous mutation
B)  balanced polymorphism
C)  equilibrium
D)  macroevolutionE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What is a random change in allele frequencies over time known as?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift
B)  gene flow
C)  admixture
D)  gene migrationE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

What are patrilocal societies expected to display?

Accepted Answer

A)  greater mtDNA diversity than Y chromosome diversity
B)  roughly equivalent mtDNA and Y chromosome diversity
C)  greater Y chromosome diversity than mtDNA diversity
D)  no strong correlation between societal structure and genetic diversityE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

What does the Hardy-Weinberg law of equilibrium assume?

Accepted Answer

A)  strong selection pressure on the trait(s) being studied
B)  a significant mutation rate from generation to generation
C)  gene flow that is equal both into and out of the population
D)  no gene flow,mutation,or natural selectionE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of balanced polymorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the O blood type among Native Americans
B)  sickle-cell anemia
C)  Huntington's chorea
D)  the B blood type distribution in Europe and AsiaE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 8

The southern migration of which African people may have led to a significant increase in the incidence of malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Masai
B)  Turkana
C)  Efe
D)  BantuE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The type of selection that favored progressively larger brain size in human evolution is ________ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  natural
B)  directional
C)  stabilizing
D)  disruptiveE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

While conducting research with a small population in South America,you note that an overwhelming majority of individuals exhibit signs of a specific genetic abnormality.What is most likely the cause of this?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection
B)  founder effect
C)  extinction
D)  gene flowE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

What is another name for the evolutionary force called gene flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  "founder effect"
B)  "disruptive selection"
C)  "admixture"
D)  "transposition"E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

In a classroom taste test for PTC the genotype frequency was determined to be P = .35 and Q = .65.After applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation,what was the percentage of genotypes found to be?

Accepted Answer

A)  p2 = 0.12;2pq = 0.46;q2 = 0.42
B)  p2 = 0.35;2pq = 0.00;q2 = 0.65
C)  p2 = 0.12;2pq = 0.65;q2 = 0.23
D)  p2 = 0.20;2pq = 0.20;q2 = 0.60E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Australian aborigines are an endogamous society.This means that marriage and reproduction take place within the group.What does this lead to?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased genetic diversity through genetic drift
B)  migration without gene flow
C)  more genetic diversity than would be observed in an exogamous society
D)  decreased genetic diversity due to a lack of admixtureE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

What is likely the cause of the clinal decrease in type B blood from East Asia to Western Europe?

Accepted Answer

A)  the founder effect
B)  stabilizing selection
C)  a mutation
D)  gene flowE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendent population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.

Accepted Answer

Founder effect is a special kind of gene...

Question 16

Familial hypercholesterolemia,an autosomal dominant disease,is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the original population of Europe from which the ancestors to the Afrikaners immigrated.What does this demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection
B)  bottleneck
C)  the founder effect
D)  kin selectionE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Transposable elements are DNA sequences that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are not coded to produce proteins.
B)  contain numerous point mutations.
C)  occur only on the X and Y chromosomes.
D)  can copy themselves into entirely new areas of the chromosomes.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

What is the physical location of a gene within the genome called?

Accepted Answer

A)  the chromosome
B)  the nucleus
C)  the address
D)  the locusE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Fitness trade-off refers to selection favoring which genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous dominant
B)  homozygous recessive
C)  heterozygous
D)  no genotype is favoredE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow
B)  the founder effect
C)  mutation
D)  natural selectionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

The type of selection that favored progressively larger brain size in human evolution is ________ selection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When individuals of the same species are reproductively isolated,genetic differences may accumulate in sufficient number so that new species could emerge.What would such an event be an example of?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the physical location of a gene within the genome called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are patrilocal societies expected to display?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendent population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.

Correct AnswerverifiedFounder effect is a special kind of gene...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between populations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transposable elements are DNA sequences that:

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What does the Hardy-Weinberg law of equilibrium assume?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is another name for the evolutionary force called gene flow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a random change in allele frequencies over time known as?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fitness trade-off refers to selection favoring which genotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The southern migration of which African people may have led to a significant increase in the incidence of malaria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While conducting research with a small population in South America,you note that an overwhelming majority of individuals exhibit signs of a specific genetic abnormality.What is most likely the cause of this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a cause of the absence of the A and B alleles in Native American populations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Familial hypercholesterolemia,an autosomal dominant disease,is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the original population of Europe from which the ancestors to the Afrikaners immigrated.What does this demonstrate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a classroom taste test for PTC the genotype frequency was determined to be P = .35 and Q = .65.After applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation,what was the percentage of genotypes found to be?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of balanced polymorphism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of Galápagos finches have found that at certain points in time all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks.What is the type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is likely the cause of the clinal decrease in type B blood from East Asia to Western Europe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Australian aborigines are an endogamous society.This means that marriage and reproduction take place within the group.What does this lead to?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Founder effect is a special kind of gene...
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