Question 1

Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ions always move actively across membranes through leakage channels.
B)  Sodium gates in the membrane can open in response to electrical potential changes.
C)  Ions always move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
D)  Ions always move passively across membranes.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Bacteria in the blood can be prevented entry to the fluids surrounding the brain.Which cells are most responsible for preventing bacteria from entering the fluids of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  satellite cells
B)  astrocytes
C)  Schwann cells
D)  oligodendrocytesE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is false or incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold.
B)  An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory,causing hyperpolarization of the membrane.
C)  A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal.D) All of the above
E) A) and C)

Question 6

These cells in the CNS have cilia that move in order to circulate cerebrospinal fluid ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ependymal cells
B)  astrocytes
C)  oligodendrocytes
D)  Schwann cellsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The effect of acetylcholine can be stimulating or inhibiting.Which of the following gives the best explanation for why this is so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetylcholine has many different forms.
B)  Acetylcholine has a "dose effect".Larger doses are stimulating while small doses inhibit.
C)  Postsynaptic cells have a dynamic and changing metabolism and respond differently at different times.
D)  Different post synaptic cells will have different receptors.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?

Accepted Answer

Increased diameter results in ...

Question 9

What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Visual dis...

Question 10

When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy,the resulting graded potential is called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential
B)  excitatory potential
C)  postsynaptic potential
D)  generator potentialE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Multiple sclerosis (MS)is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed.What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence?

Accepted Answer

Demyelination interferes with ...

Question 13

When a neurotransmitter like acetylcholine is acting in an excitatory manner which of the following is likely a result of the acetylcholine acting on the post synaptic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemically gated chloride channels will open.
B)  Chemically gated potassium channels will open.
C)  Chemically gated sodium channels will open.
D)  Chemically gated sodium channels will be closed.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Like all cells,the neurons' internal organization dictates its function.Neurons have relatively many mitochondria,an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum and many clusters of ribosomes.These cellular features indicate all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons produce many proteins
B)  neurons must meet a high demand for ATP
C)  neurons have a relatively high consumption of oxygen
D)  neurons have stable,relatively unchanging internal environmentsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The interior surface of a neuron's plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative charge and contains more sodium than outside of the cell
B)  positive charge and contains less sodium than outside of the cell
C)  positive charge and contains more sodium than outside of the cell
D)  negative charge and contains less sodium than outside of the cellE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

That part of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of That part of the nervous system that...

Question 18

Select the correct statement regarding chemical synapses.

Accepted Answer

A)  The synaptic cleft uses the action potential to transmit a chemical signal to the post synaptic cell.
B)  The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically coupled.
C)  Cells with gap junctions use chemical synapses.
D)  Neurotransmitter receptors are located on the axons terminals of cells.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Loss of function in the enzyme acetylcholine esterase would result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  inability to destroy and remove acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft
B)  stimulation of the production of acetylcholine
C)  amplify or enhance the effect of ACh
D)  inability to release acetylcholineE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  it has a depolarization,repolarization and hyperpolarization phase
B)  it can have amplitudes of various sizes
C)  it is initiated by voltage changes in the membrane
D)  it travels long distancesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Bacteria in the blood can be prevented entry to the fluids surrounding the brain.Which cells are most responsible for preventing bacteria from entering the fluids of the brain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a neurotransmitter like acetylcholine is acting in an excitatory manner which of the following is likely a result of the acetylcholine acting on the post synaptic cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loss of function in the enzyme acetylcholine esterase would result in which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The interior surface of a neuron's plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Multiple sclerosis (MS)is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed.What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedDemyelination interferes with ...View AnswerShow Answer

Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These cells in the CNS have cilia that move in order to circulate cerebrospinal fluid ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effect of acetylcholine can be stimulating or inhibiting.Which of the following gives the best explanation for why this is so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Like all cells,the neurons' internal organization dictates its function.Neurons have relatively many mitochondria,an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum and many clusters of ribosomes.These cellular features indicate all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy,the resulting graded potential is called a(n) ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is false or incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?

Correct AnswerverifiedIncreased diameter results in ...View AnswerShow Answer

What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedVisual dis...View AnswerShow Answer

Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement regarding chemical synapses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

That part of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Demyelination interferes with ...
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Increased diameter results in ...
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Visual dis...
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