Question 1

Cohort effects are due to all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   year of birth.
B)   era the individual is associated with.
C)   generation the individual is associated with.
D)   actual age of the individual.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 2

One of the differences between Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson is that:

Accepted Answer

A)   Freud believed Erikson underestimated the role of the unconscious mind in development.
B)   Erikson believed that development lasted only until the age of 20.
C)   Erikson emphasized the importance of both early and later experiences.
D)   Freud believed Erikson overemphasized the role of sexuality in the life-span development of an individual.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

This is a way of conceptualizing age where age is characterized by an individual's connectedness with others, roles, and quality of relationships.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This is a way of conceptualizing age...

Question 4

Changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of _____ processes that affect development.

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive
B)   biological
C)   socioemotional
D)   culturalE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Based on the fact that she is 90 years old, Katie-Lou would most likely be characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A)   young-old.
B)   middle-old.
C)   oldest-old.
D)   late-old.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which theory stresses the importance of biology and critical or sensitive periods in human development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychoanalytic
B)   Cognitive
C)   Behavioral
D)   EthologicalE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Two-year-old Julia is learning to talk, and her parents would say that her favorite word is "no." This would be considered normal for a child in Erik Erikson's life-span stage of:

Accepted Answer

A)   initiative versus guilt.
B)   intimacy versus isolation.
C)   autonomy versus shame and doubt.
D)   trust versus mistrust.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Dr. Jacobs studies identical twins from birth to two years old to learn about similarities and differences in their development. Dr. Jacobs is interested in the development issues of:

Accepted Answer

A)   nature and nature.
B)   stability and change.
C)   continuity and discontinuity.
D)   cross-sectional and longitudinal aspects.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

"Individuals are changing beings in a changing world." Which characteristic of development is reflected in this statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Development is multidisciplinary.
B)   Development is contextual.
C)   Development is multidimensional.
D)   Development is multidirectional.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Developmental periods, such as when one is an infant, adolescent, or middle-aged person, refer to:

Accepted Answer

A)   historical circumstances common to people of a particular generation.
B)   time frames in a person's life that are characterized by certain features.
C)   time frames in which a person experiences maximum change.
D)   time frames in a nation's history that are characterized by rapid development.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The _____ involves the culture in which individuals live.

Accepted Answer

A)   chronosystem
B)   mesosystem
C)   ethnosystem
D)   macrosystemE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

From the life-span development perspective, observations must be _____ to be effective.

Accepted Answer

A)   systematic
B)   spontaneous
C)   conducted with computers
D)   conducted in a laboratoryE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

The cultural makeup of the U.S. population has changed over the past few years due to immigration and other factors. Such long-term changes in the genetic and cultural makeup of a population are part of:

Accepted Answer

A)   nonnormative multidirectional change.
B)   normative historical change.
C)   nonnormative life events.
D)   nonnormative demographic change.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

According to the APA guidelines, all participants must know what their research participation will involve and what risks might develop. This guideline addresses which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deception
B)   Debriefing
C)   Informed consent
D)   ConfidentialityE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true of Erikson's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   It characterized development in eight stages.
B)   It emphasized an individual's desire to affiliate with other people.
C)   It describes change across the life span.
D)   It characterizes development as a series of catastrophic crises.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

This refers to the capacity for change.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This refers to the capacity for change....

Question 17

The finding that a higher level of conscientiousness was protective in older adults provides evidence that _____ age is an important developmental consideration.

Accepted Answer

A)   social
B)   psychological
C)   physical
D)   biologicalE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

_____ is a time of establishing personal and economic independence, career development, and, for many, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an intimate way, starting a family, and rearing children.

Accepted Answer

A)   Early adulthood
B)   Late adolescence
C)   Middle adulthood
D)   Late adulthoodE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Observing behavior in real-world settings and making no effort to manipulate or control the situation is called ______ observation.

Accepted Answer

A)   laboratory
B)   naturalistic
C)   serious
D)   correlationalE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Mary is three years old and in preschool. Identify the development period that Mary is currently in.

Accepted Answer

A)   Infancy
B)   Early childhood
C)   Middle childhood
D)   Late childhoodE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 1: Introduction

_____ is a time of establishing personal and economic independence, career development, and, for many, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an intimate way, starting a family, and rearing children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the differences between Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson is that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This refers to the capacity for change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Jacobs studies identical twins from birth to two years old to learn about similarities and differences in their development. Dr. Jacobs is interested in the development issues of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is a way of conceptualizing age where age is characterized by an individual's connectedness with others, roles, and quality of relationships.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the life-span development perspective, observations must be _____ to be effective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the APA guidelines, all participants must know what their research participation will involve and what risks might develop. This guideline addresses which of the following issues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observing behavior in real-world settings and making no effort to manipulate or control the situation is called ______ observation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary is three years old and in preschool. Identify the development period that Mary is currently in.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Developmental periods, such as when one is an infant, adolescent, or middle-aged person, refer to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the fact that she is 90 years old, Katie-Lou would most likely be characterized as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Individuals are changing beings in a changing world." Which characteristic of development is reflected in this statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of _____ processes that affect development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finding that a higher level of conscientiousness was protective in older adults provides evidence that _____ age is an important developmental consideration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cohort effects are due to all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cultural makeup of the U.S. population has changed over the past few years due to immigration and other factors. Such long-term changes in the genetic and cultural makeup of a population are part of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-year-old Julia is learning to talk, and her parents would say that her favorite word is "no." This would be considered normal for a child in Erik Erikson's life-span stage of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory stresses the importance of biology and critical or sensitive periods in human development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ involves the culture in which individuals live.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true of Erikson's theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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