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Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy

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Question 61

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Heather is shown a teddy bear. The teddy bear is then hidden from her. Heather searches for the teddy bear. This shows that Heather has developed a sense of:

A) symbolic manipulation.
B) infinite generativity.
C) telegraphic thinking.
D) object permanence.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Question 62

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Describe what Karen Adolph found when she investigated how experienced and inexperienced crawling and walking infants go down steep slopes, and give one piece of advice to parents based on this research.

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Newly crawling infants indiscriminately ...

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Question 63

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Chemical interactions between ____ connect axons and dendrites, allowing information to pass from neuron to neuron.

According to your textbook, infants can discriminate among colors as early as:

Piaget believed that children's thinking in one stage is _____ that in another stage.

_____ motor skills involve large-muscle activities, such as moving one's arms and walking.

The most important recent advance in measuring infant perception is:

The cerebral cortex has two _____, each of which is further divided into four _____.

A _____ is the basic unit of sound in a language.

The interpretation of sensory information is called:

How would you connect the concepts of the overproduction of synaptic connections and their subsequent retraction, or pruning, with the nature versus nurture issue?

Someone with a vocabulary of only 200 words can recombine the words in different ways to say thousands of different things. This aspect of language is referred to as:

Whenever baby Beth hears a loud noise, she responds with a _____ reflex where she arches her back, throws back her head, flings out her arms and legs, and then rapidly closes her arms and legs.

Trenton was playing in the sandbox. He was pouring sand from a short, fat container into a tall, skinny container. When he poured the sand into the tall, skinny container, it looked to him as if it had more sand in it. Trenton could not figure out where the extra sand came from, and how it got into his container. As Trenton continues to try to solve this puzzle, he will experience considerable movement between states of cognitive _____ and _____ to produce cognitive change and eventual understanding.

Kenny is concerned that his baby daughter isn't sleeping through the night yet, so he asks the pediatrician about it. She says his daughter is really young to expect that, and that he shouldn't expect his daughter to sleep through the night until she is about:

_____ occurs when information interacts with receptors such as the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin.

The "visual cliff" experiment was used to measure:

A nerve cell that handles information processing in the brain.

What is infantile amnesia? What are two explanations given for this phenomenon?

The peak of synaptic overproduction in the _____, involved in higher level thinking and self-regulation, occurs at just over three years old.