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If intelligence is assumed to be normally distributed, which of the following would you expect to find in the overall population?


A) More people of high intelligence than of low intelligence
B) More people of moderate intelligence than of high or low intelligence
C) More people of high intelligence than of moderate or low intelligence
D) More people of low intelligence than of moderate or high intelligence

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Louise is teaching her son to read by telling him the sound that each letter of the alphabet stands for. As he makes the sounds he begins to form words, and then smiles when he recognizes the written version of a word he uses all the time. What approach is his mother using?


A) Whole-language
B) Phonics
C) Balanced-instruction
D) Morphological

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Quinn is asked, "How many things can you do with a brick?" This kind of question, which can produce many different answers, is a test of _____.

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Expertise in an area brings all the following characteristics EXCEPT:


A) an ability to know where to focus and what to notice in their area.
B) extensive knowledge about a particular content area.
C) an increased ability to gain expertise in entirely different areas.
D) more efficiency and effectiveness in solving problems in that area.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible. This means that Sadie:


A) is given great freedom and few rules.
B) is placed in as regular a classroom as possible.
C) has significant input into developing her educational goals.
D) spends part of her time in a regular classroom and part of her time in a special education classroom.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Cultural-familial intellectual disability is characterized by:


A) mild to moderate intellectual disability.
B) moderate to severe intellectual disability.
C) severe to profound intellectual disability.
D) moderate damage to brain tissues.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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The ability to think in new and unusual ways to come up with unique solutions, different from intelligence, is:


A) logical thinking.
B) analytical thinking.
C) critical thinking.
D) creative thinking.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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_____ involves knowing about knowing, whereas _____ involves knowing about memory.


A) Cognition; memory
B) Brainstorming; executive memory
C) Metacognition; metamemory
D) Metadata; meta-evaluation

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Colin has a black belt in martial arts. Watching him practice it is clear that he knows how to manipulate his body. According to Gardner, Colin is high in _____ skills.


A) spatial
B) intrapersonal
C) bodily-kinesthetic
D) naturalist

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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If Sergio's mental age is eight, but his chronological age is nine, we would say that Sergio's IQ is:


A) average.
B) below average.
C) above average.
D) unable to be determined from the information provided.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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This is a disability in which individuals consistently show problems in one or more of these areas: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

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Attention ...

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About _____ as many boys as girls are classified as having a learning disability, a finding partly attributed to _____.


A) twice; referral bias
B) three times; referral bias
C) twice; hyperactivity bias
D) three times; hyperactivity bias

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Describe the treatment options available for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). D. A meta-analysis concluded that behavior management treatments are effective in reducing the effects of ADH D. Researchers have often found that a combination of medication, such as Ritalin, and behavior management improves the behavior of children with ADHD better than medication alone or behavior management alone, although not in all cases. Researchers are also considering training exercises, such as neurofeedback, mindfulness, and exercise.

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Stimulant medication such as Ritalin or ...

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Describe the best intervention program for childhood obesity.

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A combination of diet, exercis...

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Voletta does more than just memorize and give back information in the way it was given to her. Rather, she thinks productively and reviews, connects, and reflects as a means of evaluating evidence. This means that she is engaging in:


A) critical thinking.
B) metacognition.
C) cognitive monitoring.
D) control processes.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is a strategy for improving children's memory skills?


A) Avoid repetition of the same instructional information.
B) Embed memory-relevant language when instructing children.
C) Motivate children to remember material by memorizing it.
D) Discourage children from engaging in mental imagery.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Jeff's son is trying to learn the names of the five great lakes in the United States. While going over them Jeff points out that the first letter of each lake can be organized to spell "HOMES," so his son starts repeating the names in that order. Jeff was successful in:


A) avoiding repetition of the same instructional information.
B) embedding memory-relevant language.
C) using mental imagery.
D) engaging procedural memory.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Improvements in attention, memory, effortful and goal-directed thinking, and behavior have been linked to:


A) aerobic exercise.
B) anaerobic exercise.
C) increased media/screen time.
D) less required physical activity at school.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following was NOT one of the criteria that characterize gifted children?


A) Precocity
B) Marching to their own drummer
C) Easily bored
D) A passion to master

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Eight-year-old Ella can use scissors to cut small paper dolls out of construction paper, something she could not do at age three. What BEST accounts for her improving dexterity?


A) Cortical thickening in the temporal lobe
B) Increased myelination of the central nervous system
C) Increased bone ossification
D) Increased muscle development

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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