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In the late 1790s, on the political scene,


A) the United States was deeply and bitterly divided.
B) the republican form of government had won over most skeptics.
C) the power of the Republicans was declining.
D) the United States had developed a clear two-party system.
E) there was considerable agreement over most important foreign policy questions.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Why was there so much opposition to political parties in the 1790s? Why did the Jeffersonians decide to create a political party?

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Like George Washington, Thomas Jefferson's estate freed his slaves after his death.

A) True
B) False

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The presidential campaign in 1800


A) saw the Republicans win a decisive victory over the Federalists.
B) was notable for the sensational personal slandering of both candidates.
C) saw leading Federalists in Congress attempt to engineer the election of Aaron Burr.
D) was decided by a newly elected Republican Congress.
E) was further complicated by the emergence of a third party, the Whigs.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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At the start of the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the delegates ruled that


A) their proceeding would be open to the public.
B) states would have proportional voting based on each state's population.
C) each state delegation would have a single vote.
D) slavery would have to be preserved within the United States.
E) the country needed a stronger army to prevent further popular uprisings.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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The Constitution was submitted to the states for ratification with the Bill of Rights.

A) True
B) False

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The election of 1796 saw


A) a Federalist president and a Republican vice president take office.
B) the Republicans win the presidency for the first time.
C) the House of Representatives determine the presidential victor.
D) the Federalists reach their height of power and unity.
E) John Adams become president on the Republican ticket.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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Until the Twelfth Amendment was adopted, the Constitution provided for the candidate receiving the second highest number of electoral votes to become vice president.

A) True
B) False

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The "XYZ Affair" took place during the administration of President John Adams.

A) True
B) False

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The "XYZ Affair"


A) involved foreign interference in an American presidential election.
B) involved secret foreign treaties with nearby Indian nations.
C) increased tensions between the United States and Great Britain.
D) was prompted by a feud between John Adams and Alexander Hamilton.
E) led to an undeclared war between the United States and France.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Under the new Constitution, federal judges were appointed by the president and confirmed by both houses of Congress.

A) True
B) False

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Delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 recommended the document be ratified by


A) a direct vote of the people.
B) special state ratifying conventions.
C) another national convention.
D) state legislatures.
E) the Confederation Congress.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In what ways was the Adams administration an expression of Federalist philosophy? In what ways was it not?

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The dominant figure of George Washington's administration was


A) George Washington.
B) Thomas Jefferson.
C) Henry Knox.
D) Alexander Hamilton.
E) Aaron Burr.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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In reference to Indians living in the United States, the Constitution


A) made no mention of Indian nations.
B) stated Indian tribes were entitled to direct representation in the federal government.
C) required the federal government to respect treaties negotiated under the Confederation.
D) declared Congress had no legal right to regulate commerce with Indian tribes.
E) defined a precise legal standing for Indians and Indian nations.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The delegates to the Constitutional Convention of 1787


A) did not fear concentrated government power.
B) welcomed the possibilities of direct democracy.
C) were suspicious of wealthy property owners.
D) well represented the diversity of the national population.
E) were well educated by the standards of their time.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In the debate over the Constitution of 1787, Antifederalist opponents to the document


A) were better organized.
B) had the support of George Washington.
C) feared that poorly educated men would be elected to prominent political offices.
D) believed the new government was not strong enough to maintain order.
E) argued that the Constitution would put an end to individual liberty.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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James Madison's ideas regarding republican government


A) were drawn from the French philosopher Baron de Montesquieu.
B) reflected his fear that a large republic was more likely to result in tyranny.
C) assumed that political factions would help in preventing tyranny.
D) suggested that the state governments were ultimately sovereign.
E) All these answers are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Not until 1789-after the Constitution was ratified and the president and congress seated-did Great Britain send a minister to the United States.

A) True
B) False

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The institutionalized political factionalism of the 1790s is known as the "________."

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