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Exam 2: Biological Beginnings

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Question 91

Multiple Choice

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Carla's husband was 50 years of age when she became pregnant. Studies have shown that this paternal factor is connected to

A) increased risk of autism and schizophrenia in the baby.
B) increased success of in vitro fertilization.
C) increased risk of childhood cancer.
D) increased cardiac malfunction in the fetus.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Question 92

Multiple Choice

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________ is the shortest of the three birth stages.

A) Involution
B) Afterbirth
C) Implantation
D) Waterbirth

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 93

Multiple Choice

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The structure that contains two arteries and one vein, and connects the developing embryo to the mother's body, is called the

Megan and Kate are studying nursing, having chosen obstetrics as their elective. They are having a discussion on the causes and effects of genital herpes on a newborn baby. Megan thinks that the newborn will contract the virus while still in the mother's uterus. However, Kate who is more familiar with the infection, thinks otherwise. Which of the following statements supports Kate's views?

For each genotype, a range of ________ can be expressed, thus providing a source of variability.

Candice is studying the anatomy of the female reproductive system and the prenatal developmental stages. She reads about a disk-shaped group of tissues and small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring that intertwine. This part acts like the life-support system of the embryo. Identify this part.

The food-scarce environment of our ancestors likely led to humans' propensity to gorge when food is available and to crave high-caloric foods, a trait that might lead to an epidemic of obesity when food is plentiful. This illustrates how

Marlena, who just found out she is pregnant, has very poor eating habits. Her total calorie intake is very low. She eats little protein and unbalanced amounts of vitamins and minerals. If she continues her present eating habits, which of the following is most likely to occur?

During ________, a cell of the testes in men or ovaries in women duplicates its chromosomes and then divides twice, thus forming four cells, each of which has only half the genetic material of the parent cell.

A fertilized human egg cannot grow into a crocodile, duck, or fish specifically because of

Janis, a 30-year-old woman, has been in and out of drug rehabilitation programs several times over the last few years. Recently, she gave birth to a baby girl. The doctor noticed that the infant showed symptoms of tremors, irritability, abnormal crying, disturbed sleep, and impaired motor control. The doctor diagnosed these withdrawal symptoms as the effects of a drug to which Janis was addicted. Identify the drug.

Mary and Jim are expecting a child. During prenatal diagnostic testing, the doctor confirms that the fetus has a genetic abnormality that will lead to a neural tube disorder causing brain and spine abnormalities. He also tells the parents that the baby will most likely have protruding tissue, especially from the lower back, and that the abnormality can be treated with corrective surgery at birth, orthopedic devices, and physical or medical therapy. Which of the following disorders is Mary and Jim's child suffering from?

In human beings, by the end of meiosis, each egg or sperm has ________ chromosomes.

Which of the following is the U.S. Surgeon General's recommendation regarding alcohol intake during pregnancy?

Which of the following conditions is due to an X-linked inheritance?

Naia's doctor has told her that because her baby has not turned, he would like to perform a cesarean delivery. What can Naia expect to happen?

________ are the building blocks of cells as well as the regulators that direct the body's processes.

Charlie is a cooperative, attentive child and is a favorite at home and school; he receives positive, instructive responses from adults. This is indicative of a(n)

Mateo, an infant, is on a special diet as his parents are aware that he has a genetic disorder in which he cannot metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid. Mateo's parents are also aware of the importance of this diet and that excess phenylalanine buildup in the infant will produce intellectual disability and hyperactivity. This genetic disorder results from a

Describe the three main periods of prenatal development, and the major steps for developing into a person for each stage.